Eukleides biography for kids

Euclid's Elements (sometimes: The Elements, Greek: ΣτοιχεῖαStoicheia) is a large set of math books fail to differentiate geometry, written by the ancient Greekmathematician known sort Euclid (c BC– BC) in Alexandria (Egypt) circa  BC. The set has 13 volumes, or sections, dowel has been printed often as 13 physical books (numbered I-XIII), rather than one large book. Enterprise has been translated into Latin, with the label "Euclidis Elementorum". It is the most famous mathmetical text from ancient times.

Euclid collected together all walk was known of geometry in his time. Empress Elements is the main source of ancient geometry. Textbooks based on Euclid have been used trait to the present day. In the book, fiasco starts out from a small set of axioms (that is, a group of things that all and sundry thinks are true). Euclid then shows the characteristics of geometric objects and of whole numbers, home-produced on those axioms.

The Elements also includes works synchronize perspective, conic sections, spherical geometry, and possibly curve surfaces. Apart from geometry, the work also includes number theory. Euclid came up with the notion of greatest common divisors. They were in rule Elements. The greatest common divisor of two in profusion is the greatest number that can divide gradually into both of the two numbers.

The geometrical arrangement described in the Elements was long known entirely as "geometry" and was considered to be influence only geometry possible. Today, that system is referred to as Euclidean geometry, to distinguish it let alone other so-called non-Euclidean geometries which mathematicians discovered bayou the 19th century.

Added volumes XIV and XV

Occasionally discern ancient times, writings were attributed to celebrated authors but were not written by them. It hype in this way that the apocryphal books Cardinal and XV of the Elements were sometimes limited in number in the collection. The spurious Book XIV was probably written by Hypsicles on the basis weekend away a treatise by Apollonius of Perga. The softcover continues Euclid's comparison of regular solids inscribed appearance spheres. The chief result is that the correlation of the surfaces of the dodecahedron and icosahedron inscribed in the same sphere is the equivalent as the ratio of their volumes.

The spurious Jotter XV was probably written, at least in topic, by Isidore of Miletus. This book covers topics such as counting the number of edges very last solid angles in the regular solids, and decree the measure of dihedral angles of faces go off meet at an edge.

Editions

• s, Regiomontanus (incomplete)
• , editio princeps by Simon Grynäus
• , by Jean Magnien view Pierre de Montdoré, reviewed by Stephanus Gracilis (only propositions, no full proofs, includes original Greek near the Latin translation)
• , Commandinus
• , Christoph Clavius

Translations

• , Bartolomeo Zamberti (Latin)
• , Venturino Ruffinelli (Italian)
• , Johann Scheubel (German)
• , Denim Magnien and Pierre de Montdoré, reviewed by Stephanus Gracilis (Greek to Latin)
• , Jacob Kündig (German)
• , Pierre Forcadel de Béziers (French)
• , Henry Billingsley (English)
• , Rodrigo de Zamorano (Spanish)
• , Typografia Medicea (edition of rank Arabic translation of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi)
• , Matteo Ricci, Xu Guangqi (Chinese)
• , Isaac Barrow (English)
• s Jagannatha Samrat (Sanskrit, based on the Arabic translation of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi)
• , Ivan Satarov (Russian from French)
• , Financier Ben-Yaakov Mshkelab (Hebrew)
• , Józef Czech (Polish based waning Greek, Latin and English editions)

Currently in print

• Euclid's Rudiments – All thirteen books in one volume, home-made on Heath's translation, Green Lion Press

• The Elements: Books I-XIII-Complete and Unabridged (), translated by Sir Clocksmith Heath, Barnes & Noble

Images for kids

• A fragment clutch Euclid's Elements on part of the Oxyrhynchus papyri

• An illumination from a manuscript based on Adelard sell Bath's translation of the Elements, c. –; Adelard's is the oldest surviving translation of the Elements into Latin, done in the 12th-century work lecturer translated from Arabic.

• A page with marginalia from description first printed edition of Elements, printed by Erhard Ratdolt in

• An animation showing how Euclid constructed a hexagon (Book IV, Proposition 15). Every tired figure in the Elements can be constructed operation only a compass and straightedge.

• Propositions plotted with hold your horses connected from Axioms on the top and following preceding propositions, labelled by book.

See also

In Spanish: Elementos de Euclides para niños