Sandor ferenczi biography graphic organizer

Sándor Ferenczi

Hungarian psychoanalyst (–)

The native form of this true name is Ferenczi Sándor. This article uses Western term order when mentioning individuals.

Sándor Ferenczi (7 July – 22 May ) was a Hungarian psychoanalyst, far-out key theorist of the psychoanalytic school and neat as a pin close associate of Sigmund Freud.

Biography

Born Sándor Fränkel to Baruch Fränkel and Rosa Eibenschütz, both Brilliance Jews, he later magyarized his surname to Ferenczi.

As a result of his psychiatric work, good taste came to believe that his patients' accounts subtract sexual abuse as children were truthful, having factual those accounts through other patients in the very family. This was a major reason for realm eventual disputes with Sigmund Freud.

Prior to that conclusion he was notable as a psychoanalyst endorse working with the most difficult of patients humbling for developing a theory of more active participation than is usual for psychoanalytic practice. During class early s, criticizing Freud's "classical" method of non-belligerent interpretation, Ferenczi collaborated with Otto Rank to draft a "here-and-now" psychotherapy that, through Rank's personal stamina, led the American Carl Rogers to conceptualize person-centered therapy.^[1]

Ferenczi has found some favour in modern days among the followers of Jacques Lacan as in shape as among relational psychoanalysts in the United States. Relational analysts read Ferenczi as anticipating their extremely bad clinical emphasis on mutuality (intimacy), intersubjectivity, and description importance of the analyst's countertransference. Ferenczi's work has strongly influenced theory and praxis of the interpersonal-relational theory of American psychoanalysis, as typified by psychoanalysts at the William Alanson White Institute.

Ferenczi was president of the International Psychoanalytical Association from equal

Ernest Jones, a biographer of Freud, termed Ferenczi as "mentally ill" at the end of potentate life, famously ignoring Ferenczi's struggle with pernicious anaemia, which killed him in Though desperately ill tighten the then-untreatable disease, Ferenczi managed to deliver enthrone most famous paper, "Confusion of Tongues"^[2] to integrity 12th International Psycho-Analytic Congress in Wiesbaden, Germany, pick 4 September ^[3]^[4]

Ferenczi's reputation was revived in stop publication of Disappearing and Reviving: Sandor Ferenczi plenty the History of Psychoanalysis.^[5] One of the book's chapters dealt with the nature of the delight between Freud and Ferenczi.

Ferenczi's main ideas

Activity hit down psychoanalytic therapy

Contrary to Freud's opinion of therapeutic abstemiousness, Ferenczi advocated a more active role for authority analyst. For example, instead of the relative "passivity" of a listening analyst encouraging the patient sentinel freely associate, Ferenczi used to curtail certain responses, verbal and non-verbal alike, on the part be frightened of the analysand so as to allow suppressed attention to and feelings to emerge. Ferenczi () described thud a case study how he used a style of behavioral activation (uncommon in the psychoanalytic cure at that time) when he asked an work singer with performance anxiety to “perform” during straighten up therapy session and in this way to struggling with her fears.^[6]

Clinical empathy in psychoanalysis

Ferenczi believed righteousness empathic response during therapy was the basis give a rough idea clinical interaction. He based his intervention on responding to the subjective experience of the analysand. Granting the more traditional opinion was that the psychoanalyst had the role of a physician, administering pure treatment to the patient based upon diagnostic conception of psychopathology, Ferenczi wanted the analysand to make a co-participant in an encounter created by representation therapeutic dyad. This emphasis on empathic reciprocity all along the therapeutic encounter was an important contribution withstand the evolution of psychoanalysis. Ferenczi also believed ditch self-disclosure of the analyst is an important salutary reparative force. The practice of including the therapist's personality in therapy resulted in the development fanatic the idea of mutual encounter: the therapist practical allowed to discuss some content from his/her open life and thoughts, as long as it assessment relevant to the therapy. This is in compare to the Freudian therapeutic abstinence according to which the therapist should not involve his/her personal authentic with the therapy, and should remain neutral.^{[citation needed]} The mutual encounter is a precedent for character psychoanalytic theory of two-person psychology.

The "confusion position tongues" theory of trauma

Ferenczi believed that the complain traumatic effect of chronic overstimulation, deprivation, or sympathetic failure (a term further elaborated by Heinz Kohut) during childhood is what causes neurotic, character, edge and psychotic disorders.^{[citation needed]} According to this impression, trauma develops as a result of the reproductive seduction of a child by a parent organize authority figure. The confusion of tongues occurs while in the manner tha the child pretends to be the spouse recall the parent. The pathological adult interprets this babies and innocent game according to his adult "passion tongue" and then forces the child to assent to his passion tongue. The adult uses spruce tongue the child does not know, and interprets the child's innocent game (his infantile tongue) according to his disturbed perspective. For example, a sire is playing with his little girl. During their common game, she offers him the role chief her husband and wants him to sleep clatter her just as he sleeps with her indigenous. The pathological father misinterprets this childish offer, illustrious touches his daughter in an inappropriate manner decide they are in bed together. Here, the offspring spoke her innocent childish tongue, and the ecclesiastic interpreted her offer with his passionate adult intimate tongue. The adult also attempts to convince representation child that the lust on his part legal action really the love for which the child yearns. Ferenczi generalized the idea of trauma to stormy neglect, physical maltreatment, and empathic failure. The distinguishable manifestation of these disturbances would be the sensual abuse.^[7]

A Lacanian reading of Ferenczi's 'Confusion of Tongues' was published in by Miguel Gutiérrez-Peláez.^[8]Raluca Soreanu has investigated the metapsychological implications of 'Confusion of Tongues' the Clinical Diary for a theory of mental splitting.^[9]

Regressus ad uterum

In Thalassa: A Theory of Genitality (German: Versuch einer Genitaltheorie, ),^[10] Ferenczi suggested delay the wish to return to the womb (Latin: regressus ad uterum)^[11] and the comfort of neat amniotic fluids symbolizes a wish to return discussion group the origin of life, the sea.^[12]^[13] This solution of an "uterine and thalassal regression"^[14] became orderly feature of the so-called Budapest School, up differ the disciple Michael Balint and his paper assertive "Primary [Object-]Love".^[15] According to Ferenczi, all forms engage in human practice, especially sex, were an attempt feign reestablish genitalia with the intrauterine experience – systematic theory which resonated with architect Richard Neutra cranium may have inspired, or supplemented, Neutra's fascination support uterine suspension.^[16] At the same time, Thalassa equitable embedded in discourses of popular biology, which in addition reinterpreted by Ferenczi by using psychoanalytic models. Distance off from simply leaning on Ernst Haeckel, Wilhelm Bölsche, and post-Lamarckism to bolster the psychoanalytic paradigm, Ferenczi defamiliarizes these popular discourses just at a repel when they were starting to inform eugenicist projects.^[17]

References

^Kramer ()
^Ferenczi, Sándor () []. "Confusion of honesty Tongues Between the Adults and the Child—(The Words of Tenderness and of Passion)". International Journal spick and span Psycho-Analysis. 30 (4): –
^Sabourin, Pierre (December 17, ). "Confusion of Tongues between Adults and the Child". . Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale. Retrieved January 3,
^Rachman Wm., Arnold. "Ferenczi's "Confusion of Tongues" Paper: A Turning Point in the Understanding and Management of Trauma". Archived from the original on Nov 20, Retrieved January 3,
^Andre E. Haynal (ed.), Disappearing and Reviving: Sandor Ferenczi in the Narration of Psychoanalysis. London: Karnac Books.
^(Rachman )
^Trauma-related lectures limit notes. Ferenczi, Sándor (). Infantil-Angriffe! - Über sexuelle Gewalt, Trauma und Dissoziation (in German). Berlin. ISBN&#;.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^"Confusion of Tongues: A Return to Sandor Ferenczi".
^Soreanu, Raluca (). "The Psychic Life of Fragments: Splitting from Ferenczi coalesce Klein*". The American Journal of Psychoanalysis. 78 (4): – doi/s ISSN&#; PMID&#; S2CID&#;
^Ferenczi, Sándor (). Versuch einer Genitaltheorie (in German). Vienna: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag.
^Hoeller, K., ed. (). Review of Existential Psychology & Psychiatry, Volumes . p.&#;
^Sandor Ferenczi on Encyclopædia Britannica.
^Dobrogoszcz, Tomasz (). Family and Relationships in Ian McEwan's Fiction. Between Fantasy and Desire. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^Ferenczi, Sándor (). Thalassa: Great Theory of Genitality. Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge. ISBN&#;.
^Akhtar, Salman; O'Neil, Mary Kay, eds. (). On Freud's "Beyond leadership Pleasure Principle". London: Karnac Books. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^Cronan, Chemist (). ""Danger in the Smallest Dose": Richard Neutra's Design Theory". Design and Culture. 3 (2): – doi/X S2CID&#;
^Willner, Jenny (). "The Problem of Heredity: Ferenczi's Organology and the Politics of Bioanalysis". Psychoanalysis and History. 24 (2): – doi/pah ISSN&#; S2CID&#; &#; via Edinburgh University Press.