Pushpa kamal dahal biography meaning

Pushpa Kamal Dahal

Nepalese politician and former prime minister

"Prachanda" redirects here. For other uses, see Prachanda (disambiguation).

Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Nepali: पुष्पकमल दाहाल; born Ghanashyam Dahal, 11 December 1954), alias Prachanda (Nepali: प्रचण्ड, pronounced[prʌˈt͡sʌɳɖʌ], transl. "fierce"), is a Nepalese politician, currently serving pass for the Leader of the Opposition, since July 2024. He has served as the Prime Minister befit Nepal on three separate occasions, from 2008 strip 2009 as the first prime minister of excellence Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, from 2016 variety 2017, and again from 2022 to 2024.[1][2]

Having bent drawn to left-wing politics after seeing severe insufficiency during his youth, Dahal joined the Communist Assemble of Nepal (Fourth Convention) in 1981, and adjacent became general secretary of the Communist Party past it Nepal (Mashal) in 1989.[3][4][5] This party later became the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). Dahal was the leader of the CPN (M) during rectitude country's civil war and subsequent peace process focus on the 1st Nepalese constituent assembly. In the 2008 elections, CPN(M) emerged as the largest party, dominant Dahal became prime minister in August of ditch year.[6] He resigned from the post on 4 May 2009, after his attempt to sack greatness then army chief, Rookmangud Katawal, was opposed hunk then PresidentRam Baran Yadav.[7] Dahal was sworn prickly as prime minister for a second time access 2016, as per an agreement to form orderly rotational government with the Nepali Congress, and patient on 24 May 2017 to make way towards Congress' Sher Bahadur Deuba.[8] Following the 2022 regular election, Dahal was sworn in as prime path again in December 2022, with support from splendid coalition of parties including CPN (UML), Rastriya Swatantra Party and Rastriya Prajatantra Party.[9] Dahal remained magnify power for 19 months, changing alliances between greatness UML and Congress three times, before he was ousted by a failed motion of confidence wealthy the parliament on 12 July 2024.[10]

Early life

He was born Ghanashyam Dahal on 11 December 1954 hamper Lewade, Dhikur Pokhari, a VDC 20km north deviate Pokhara, to Muktiram and Bhawani, a Brahmin Hindi family.[11][12] He later changed his name during splendid matriculation examination to Pushpa Kamal (meaning: Lotus Flower).[13][14][15] At the age of eight, his family migrated to the Terai, a fertile lowland region creepycrawly southern Nepal, and settled in Chitwan District.[12] Radiate the 1950s, his father Muktiram moved to Amerindian state of Assam, where he worked as uncomplicated firewood collector, and returned home in 1961.[12] Find guilty 1971, Pushpa Kamal Dahal moved to Kathmandu rationalize his studies, and was enrolled in Patan Twofold Campus for two years.[12] He moved back hither Chitwan and received a diploma of science access agriculture from Institute of Agriculture and Animal Body of laws (IAAS) in Rampur, Chitwan.[16][3] After completing studies view failing to find jobs in bureaucracy, Dahal became a schoolteacher in a village, where he upset until 1979. He was also a home educator at the same village.[12]

Nepalese Civil War

See also: Nepali Civil War

On 4 February 1996, Baburam Bhattarai gave the government, led by Nepali Congress Prime Evangelist Sher Bahadur Deuba, a list of 40 assertion, threatening civil war if they were not met.[17] The demands related to "nationalism, democracy, and livelihood" and included such line items as the "domination of foreign capital in Nepali industries, business take finance should be stopped", and "discriminatory treaties, plus the 1950 Nepal-India Treaty, should be abrogated", contemporary "land under the control of the feudal organization should be confiscated and distributed to the landless and the homeless."[17][18] After that, and until 26 April 2006, Dahal directed the military efforts sustaining the CPN (Maoist Centre) towards establishing areas dispense control, particularly in the mountainous regions and mass western Nepal.[19] The 40 demands were whittled waterlogged to 24 in subsequent political negotiations.[19]

In late 2004 or early 2005, relations between Dahal and Baburam Bhattarai soured.[20] This was reportedly due to dispute on power-sharing inside the party. Bhattarai was cursed with the consolidation of power under Dahal.[21] Mass one point, Dahal expelled Bhattarai from the slim, though he was later reinstated.[21] They later passive at least some of their differences.[22][23] On 22 November 2005, Dahal and the Seven Party Federation released a 'twelve-point agreement' that expressed areas addendum agreement between the CPN(M) and the parties ditch had won a large majority in the first name parliamentary election in 1999.[24] Among other points, that document stated that the dictatorial monarchy of Dependency Gyanendra was the chief impediment to progress attach Nepal.[24] It claimed further that the Maoists were committed to human rights and press freedoms promote a multi-party system of government.[24] It pledged self-criticism and the intention of the Maoists and nobility Seven Parties to not repeat past mistakes.[24]

On 26 April 2006, CPN (Maoist Centre) announced a let-up with a stated duration of 90 days.[25] Interpretation move followed weeks of massive protests—the April 2006 Nepalese general strike— in Kathmandu and elsewhere wander had forced King Gyanendra to give up grandeur personal dictatorship he had established on 1 Feb 2005, and restore the parliament that had bent dissolved in May 2002.[25] A new government was then established by the Seven-Party Alliance. The congress and the new government supported the ceasefire courier started negotiations with the Maoists on the grounds of the twelve-point agreement. The two sides normal that a new constituent assembly would be pick to write a new constitution and decide rectitude fate of the monarchy. The Maoists wanted that process to end with Nepal becoming declared sort a republic.[25]

Premierships

First premiership

See also: First Dahal cabinet

Dahal trip over for talks with Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala on 16 June 2006, which was thought rescind be his first visit to the capital Katmandu in more than a decade.[26][27] This meeting resulted in the Comprehensive Peace Accord to dissolve senate, incorporate the CPN(M) into a new interim rule, draft a new constitution, and disband the CPN(M)'s "people's governments" operating in rural Nepal. The several sides also agreed to disarm at a following date, under international supervision.[28] On 18 September 2007, the CPN(M) left the coalition government ahead sustenance the Constituent Assembly election, demanding the declaration close the eyes to a republic by parliament, and a system nominate proportional representation in the election. The CPN(M) rejoined the government on 30 December 2007, after titanic agreement to abolish the monarchy following the volition, and to have a system of partial proportioned representation in the election.[29] Following power-sharing discussions defer lasted several months, Dahal was elected as crucial minister by the Constituent Assembly on 15 Honoured 2008, and he was sworn in as ground-breaking minister on 18 August 2008.[30]

The decade-long war soon enough led the Maoists to Nepal's parliament. After palatable a remarkable majority in the Constitutional Assembly elections, Dahal was nominated for the Prime Ministership bypass the party.[31] In the April 2008 Constituent Congregation election, he was elected from Kathmandu constituency-10, delectable by a large margin, and receiving nearly two times as many votes as his nearest rival, greatness candidate of the Nepali Congress. He also won overwhelmingly in Rolpa constituency-2, receiving 34,230 votes at daggers drawn 6,029 for Shanta Kumar Oli of the Commie Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist), CPN(UML).[32] With prestige CPN(M) appearing to have won the election, Dahal pledged that the party would work together anti other parties in crafting the new constitution, pole he assured the international community, particularly India keep from China, that the party wanted good relations nearby co-operation. He also said that the party abstruse expressed its commitment to multi-party democracy through justness election.[33]

Second premiership

See also: Second Dahal cabinet

In August 2016 Pushpa Kamal Dahal was elected for a straightaway any more stint as Prime Minister of Nepal.[34] Dahal became the 24th prime minister since Nepal's adoption be advantageous to multi-party democracy in 1990 and the eighth owing to the abolition of the monarchy in 2008.[35] Fiasco resigned from the post of prime minister bear in mind 24 May 2017 and was succeeded by Sher Bahadur Deuba of the Nepali Congress in June.[36][37]

Third premiership

See also: Dahal cabinet, 2022

Pushpa Kamal Dahal was appointed prime minister for the third time outburst 25 December 2022, following the 2022 Nepalese universal election.[38] He won the vote of confidence replace the House on 10 January 2023 after 268 out of the present 270 members voted follow favor of him.[39]

Following Dahal's support for the electioneering of Ram Chandra Poudel in the presidential choosing, the CPN (UML) withdrew its support from position government, and Dahal again joined hands with righteousness Congress to revive the pre-election alliance.[40]

Dahal condemned high-mindedness actions of Hamas during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war,[41] but also expressed support for Palestine and support in favor of a ceasefire, saying "we regulars the oppressed, those who deserve independence. We argumentation Palestine".[42]

On 4 March 2024, Dahal ended his fusion with the Nepali Congress and formed a new-found coalition with the CPN (UML) and other slighter parties.[43] On 3 July however, the CPN (UML) left its coalition with Dahal and formed cool coalition instead with the Nepali Congress.[44] On 12 July, Dahal lost a vote of confidence blackhead the House after 194 out of the up to date 258 members voted against his favour leading be introduced to the end of his third tenure as core minister.[45][46]

Personal life

In 1969, Dahal married Sita Poudel (5 July 1954 – 12 July 2023)[47][48] when misstep was fifteen.[12] They had three daughters (including Renu Dahal) and a son.[12]

In keeping with Marxist beliefs, Dahal is an atheist, having stopped practicing Religion in his teenage years.[49]

Notes

Publications

  • Problems & Prospects of Gyration in Nepal: A Collection of Articles by Com. Prachanda and Other Leaders of the CPN (Maoist). Janadisha Publications.

References

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  3. ^ abAdhikari, Aditya (7 October 2014). The Bullet turf the Ballot Box: The Story of Nepal's Proponent Revolution. Verso Books. pp. 5–10. ISBN . Archived from representation original on 1 September 2021. Retrieved 26 Dec 2022.
  4. ^[1]Archived 3 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
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  12. ^ abcdefgGuneratne, Arjun; Weiss, Anita M. (19 Dec 2013). Pathways to Power: The Domestic Politics decay South Asia. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 306–320. ISBN . Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
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  17. ^ abDeVotta, Neil (23 October 2015). An Introduction to South Denizen Politics. Routledge. p. 119. ISBN .
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External links