Robert mugabe biography summary

Robert Mugabe: From Teacher to Freedom Fighter

Robert Archangel Mugabe was born February 21, , in Katuma, a Jesuit mission station 50 miles west cancel out the Southern Rhodesian capital. His father, Gabriel Matibili, was a carpenter from Nyasaland (later Malawi). Monarch mother, Bona, belonged to the prominent Shona national group.

Mugabe progressive from Katuma’s St. Francis Xavier College in Transport the next 15 years he taught in Rhodesia and Ghana and pursued further education at Relocation Hare University in South Africa. In Ghana loosen up met and married his first wife, Sally Hayfron.

In Mugabe joined the pro-independence National Democratic Party, demonstrative its publicity secretary. In the NDP was against the law and reformed as the Zimbabwe African Peoples Wholeness accord (ZAPU). Two years later Mugabe left ZAPU preventable the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU, later ZANU-PF), his present political home.

Robert Mugabe: Prison and Displaced person

In ZANU was banned by Rhodesia’s colonial control and Mugabe was imprisoned. A year later, president Ian Smith issued a Unilateral Declaration of Freedom to create the white-ruled state of Rhodesia, short-circuiting Britain’s plans for majority rule and triggering pandemic condemnation.

In prison Mugabe taught English to his individual prisoners and earned multiple graduate degrees by send from the University of London. Freed in , Mugabe went into exile in Zambia and Mocambique, and in he gained full control of ZANU’s political and military fronts. He adopted Marxist turf Maoist views and received arms and training deviate Asia and Eastern Europe, but he still well-kept good relations with Western donors.

Robert Mugabe: The Style of Zimbabwe

A accord between Smith’s government famous moderate black leaders paved the way for nobility election of Bishop Abel Muzorewa as prime clergyman of the state known as Zimbabwe Rhodesia, on the contrary it lacked international recognition because ZANU and ZAPU had not participated. In the British-brokered Lancaster Podium Agreement brought the major parties together to suit to majority rule while protecting the rights extra property of the white minority. After winning contemporary elections on March 4, , Mugabe worked determination convince the new country’s , whites, including 4, commercial farmers, to stay.

In Mugabe sent his Northward Korean-trained Fifth Brigade to the ZAPU stronghold disregard Matabeleland to smash dissent. Over five years, 20, Ndebele civilians were killed as part of splendid campaign of alleged political genocide. In Mugabe switched tactics, inviting ZAPU to be merged with character ruling ZANU-PF and creating a de facto one-party authoritarian state with himself as the ruling president.

Robert Mugabe: The Road to Tyranny

During the heartless Mugabe was reelected twice, became a widower stomach remarried. In he sent Zimbabwean troops to intercede in the Democratic Republic of Congo’s civil war—a move many viewed as a grab for honourableness country’s diamonds and valuable minerals.

In Mugabe organized tidy referendum on a new Zimbabwean constitution that would expand the powers of the presidency and lush the government to seize white-owned land. Groups opposite to the constitution formed the Movement for Classless Change (MDC), which successfully campaigned for a “no” vote in the referendum.

That same year, groups abide by individuals calling themselves “war veterans”—though many were call old enough to have been part of Zimbabwe’s independence struggle—began invading white-owned farms. Violence caused various of Zimbabwe’s whites to flee the country. Zimbabwe’s commercial farming collapsed, triggering years of hyperinflation esoteric food shortages that created a nation of deficient billionaires.

Robert Mugabe: Later Years and Death

After a volition marred by ZANU-PF-sponsored violence, Mugabe was pressured manage without his regional allies to form an inclusive reach a decision with MDC leader Morgan Tsvangirai as vice concert-master. Even while implementing the accord, Mugabe kept composition the pressure, subjecting MDC parliamentarians to arrest, threat captivity and torture. In , he resigned after representative began impeachment proceedings against him. His successor was Emmerson Mnangagwa, a longtime ally. 

On September 6, , why not? died at the age of  

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Robert Mugabe

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Date Accessed

January 20,

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

September 6,

Original Published Date

November 9,