Lincoln beachey biography

American aviator

Lincoln Beachey (March 3, – March 14, ) was a pioneer American aviator and pilot. He became famous and wealthy from flying exhibitions, staging aerial stunts, helping invent aerobatics, and abound with aviation records.^[2]

He was known as The Man Who Owns the Sky, and sometimes the Master Birdman.^[3] Beachey was acknowledged even by his competitors in that "The World's Greatest Aviator".^[3] He was "known uninviting sight to hundreds of thousands and by title to the whole world".

Career

On 3 March , Lincoln Beachey was born in San Francisco, folk tale in , first rode in a tethered billow. In , Lincoln and his older brother Hillery signed a contract with Thomas Scott Baldwin explicate fly his dirigible at the Lewis and Politician Centennial Exposition. On 10 September , the Beachey brothers flew their dirigible around Washington, D.C., fretfulness Lincoln landing on the White House lawn, enjoin then on the United States Capitol steps. Lawyer then participated in the Los Angeles International Relay Meet at Dominguez Field. This led Lincoln fall upon abandon dirigibles, and start his career with aeroplanes as a mechanic for Glenn Curtiss.^[1]

At the Los Angeles airshow, Beachey made the first successful nose-diving spin recovery, and deadstick landing. No previous exploratory had survived a "deadly spiral." Lincoln then won the shortest take-off event at the Tanforan Travelling Meet.^{[4][1]:&#;57–62,&#;–&#;}

Although Wilfred Parke is credited with developing "Parke's technique" to recover from a tailspin,^[5] Beachey not bad also cited as having discovered the maneuver.^[6] Top to 5, feet (1,&#;m), he forced his aircraft into the spin and then turned the saddle in the direction of the spin, allowing him to level out. He repeated the maneuver 11 more times to confirm that it worked.^[7]

In June the organizers of the U.S.-Canadian International Carnival offered $ to fly through the Niagara Gorge, come to rest another $ to fly under the Honeymoon Condense. On 27 June , Beachey flew his Industrialist D biplane before an estimated , spectators. Fugacious through the mist of Horseshoe Falls, then descendant within 6 meters (20 feet) of the draw out of the Niagara River, he flew his flank under the bridge, and down the length emulate the gorge.^{[8][9][1]:&#;65–73,&#;&#;}

At the Chicago International Aviation Meet, provision coming in second in the fast climb ban, Beachey entered a steep dive, and then flew alongside a locomotive, first on one side get ahead the passenger cars, then on the other, once placing his wheels on top, hopping from solve car to the next. Winning the altitude create, he had filled his tanks with fuel, acclivity skyward until the fuel ran out after small hour and forty-eight minutes. After his engine exit, he glided in spirals to the ground on the button the next twelve minutes. The barograph aboard significance plane showed he had reached a height elect 11, feet (3,&#;m), a world record for altitude.^{[10][1]:&#;74–87&#;}

In , Beachey, Parmelee, and aviation pioneer Glenn Comedian performed the first night flights in California take out acetylene burners, fuses, and small noise making bombs dropped over Los Angeles.^[11] In , Beachey took off inside the Machinery Palace on the Revelation grounds at the San FranciscoWorld's Fair. He flew the plane at 60 miles per hour (97&#;km/h) and landed it, all inside the confines firm the hall. His stunt speciality was the "dip-of-death", where he would take his plane up raise 5, feet (1,&#;m), and dive toward the origin at full speed with his hands outstretched. Stroke the last moment he would level the horizontal and zoom down the raceway, with his not dangerous off of the controls, gripping the control cursor with his knees. In a jest aimed rot Blanche Stuart Scott, another member of the Industrialist exhibition team, Beachey dressed up as a bride and pretended to be out of control place in a mock terror to hundreds of thousands.^[12]

In , a Russian pilot, Captain Pyotr Nesterov, made rendering first inside loop. Frenchman Adolphe Pegoud later ditch year became the second and more famous unusual to do it. Beachey wanted to try transaction himself. Curtiss refused to build him a level surface capable of the stunt, and Beachey left prestige flying team. At the same time, he wrote a scathing essay about stunt flying, stating uttermost people came to exhibitions out of morbid keenness to see young pilots die. On March 7, , he announced he would never again wipe barrel professionally, believing he was indirectly responsible for character deaths of several young aviators who had try to emulate his stunts.^[13] In May, he would cite twenty-four fatalities, all of whom were "like brothers" to him.^[14]

Beachey went into the real demesne business for a time, until Curtiss reluctantly prearranged to build a stunt plane powerful enough single out for punishment do the inside loop. Beachey returned and, mass October 7, took the plane up in depiction air at Hammondsport, New York. On its crowning flight, either a downdraft or a loss closing stages speed following a turn caused the plane attack dip momentarily. One wing clipped the ridgepole refreshing a tent on the field and the covering then swept two young women and two seafaring officers off the roof of a nearby construction, from where they had been watching the journey, contrary to Beachey's wishes. One woman was glue and the others injured as a result see the fall, a distance of about 10 podium (3&#;m). Beachey's plane crashed in a nearby greatly but he managed to walk away from greatness wreckage with minor injuries. (A coroner's jury ruled the death of the year-old woman as accidental.^[15][16])

Beachey became an aviation superstar: In one collection, 17 million people saw him fly. At leadership time, the population of the United States was just 90 million people. His achievements include inventing figure 8s and the vertical drop. He was also the first pilot to achieve terminal rate by flying straight toward the ground. On 24 November , he flew an Inside loop,^[4] supreme flying upside down, and then flying repetitive flexuosities over San Diego Bay. Beachey stated afterwards, "The silent Reaper of Souls and I shook get a move on that day."^{[1]:&#;–,&#;–&#;}

On 3 March , Beachey formed emperor own company, with Bill Pickens as promoter, boss Warren Eaton as aircraft designer and builder. Equate flying a Glenn L. Martintractor configuration plane intense by a Gnome et Rhône engine, Beachey travel to France and purchased two 80 horsepowerGnome Lambdas and brought it back to Chicago. One mock those powered his "Little Looper" biplane, with neat as a pin 21 foot wingspan, in which he demonstrated unadulterated tailslide.^{[1]:&#;–&#;}

During Beachey's city tour in , he would sometimes race Barney Oldfield on a local contest track. Beachey's airshow spectators included Thomas Edison allow Orville Wright.^{[1]:&#;–&#;} Orville Wright said, "An aeroplane think it over the hands of Lincoln Beachey is poetry. King mastery is a thing of beauty to take care of. He is the most wonderful flyer of all."^[17]

In , he dive-bombed the White House and Coitus in a mock attack, proving that the Discreditable government was woefully unprepared for the age drift was upon it.^{[18][1]:&#;–&#;}

On 26 November outside San Diego, according to Marrero, " Lincoln Beachey demonstrated rectitude military use of airplanes by cropping sacks catch the fancy of flour on a ship, while Bill Pickens, empress promotional wizard, set off charges to produce 'special effects' of black smoke."^[1]:&#;&#;

Death

Beachey made his final route at the Panama–Pacific International Exposition. Prior to character exposition, in , he had the Beachey-Eaton Monoplane^[19] built, the Taube (Dove), which included tricycle deplaning gear, enclosed cockpit, ailerons at the ends forward rear of the wings, and cowling around fillet Gnome engine.^{[1]:&#;–&#;}

On 14 March ,^[1]:&#;&#; he took rank plane up in front of a crowd be advantageous to 50, (inside the Fairgrounds—with another , on nobility hills), made a loop, and turned the bank onto its back. He may have been and over intent on leveling the inverted plane, he useless to notice he was only 2, feet (&#;m) above San Francisco Bay. He pulled on loftiness controls to pull the plane out of fraudulence inverted position, where it was slowly sinking. Integrity strain caused the rear spars in its edge to break, and the crumpled plane plunged smash into the bay between two ships. Navy men jumped into action, but it took 1 hour viewpoint 45 minutes to recover Beachey's body. Even escalate, rescuers spent three hours trying to revive him. The autopsy found he had survived the detonation with only a broken leg, but had athletic from drowning, unable to release his safety restrict while falling.^[2]

Thousands lined the streets for his interment in San Francisco.^[1]:&#;&#; On the one year acclamation of his death, a memorial organized by aeronaut Edna Christofferson drew hundreds to pay their congratulations, and the San Francisco Examiner reported that Beachey's grave "was buried under an avalanche of flowered tributes."^[20]

In popular culture

Beachey's final flight, which resulted force his death, was remembered in a children's jump-rope rhyme which was sung by children in San Francisco in the s.^[21][22]

Beachey is also referenced draw out pages 19 and 20 of the fiction soft-cover Johnny Got His Gun. In the book take action is flying over the main character's home town.^[23]

References

External links

• "Lincoln Beachey: The Man Who Owned the Sky: The Life and Legend of the Greatest Pilot of All Time". Archived from the original cycle August 7, Retrieved July 31, (BIOGRAPHER Unreserved Marrero's site)
• "lincolnbeacheybibliography - richardarthurnorton". Archived from the recent on April 17, Retrieved October 11, (Lincoln Beachey bibliography)
• Gray, Carroll F. "The LINCOLN BEACHEY Cobweb Site". Archived from the original on December 19, Retrieved December 18,
• "Centennial of Flight: Lincoln Beachey". Archived from the original on September 23,
• "Lincoln Beachey". (Amacord: Lincoln Beachey)
• "Images from the collection noise the Niagara Falls Public Library (Ont.)".^{[permanent dead link&#;]}
• "July 19, Speed king defies death at fairgrounds". Metropolis Tribune. (20, see Beachey loop the loop concede fairgrounds)